Tag Archives: 915MHz

IoT.Net LoRa Radio 915 MHz Payload Addressing client

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This is a demo ingenuity micro IoT.Net client (based on one of the examples in my RFM9XLoRaNetMF library) that uploads telemetry data to my Windows 10 IoT Core on Raspberry PI field gateway. 

Thought the silk screen says RFM69 this is a prototype running an RFM95 module.

iotnetlora.jpg

Bill of materials (Prices Sep 2018)

  • IoT.Net device (Beta tester will add price when available)

The device has an onboard MCP9808 temperature sensor which kept the BoM really short. I have had to make some modifications to my RFM9XLoRaNetMF library as the IoT.Net device uses a different SPI port. The code for this devices and the changes will be uploaded to GitHub in the next couple of days.

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) Sept 2018, devMobile Software
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
// git remote add origin https://github.com/KiwiBryn/FieldGateway.LoRa.IoTNetClient.git
// git push -u origin master
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace devMobile.IoT.IoTNet.FieldGateway
{
	using System;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Threading;
	using Microsoft.SPOT;
	using Microsoft.SPOT.Hardware;
	using devMobile.IoT.NetMF.ISM;
	using IngenuityMicro.Sensors;

	class IoTNetClient
	{
		private readonly Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDevice;
		private readonly TimeSpan dueTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 10);
		private readonly TimeSpan periodTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30);
		private readonly MCP9808 mcp9808 = new MCP9808();
		private readonly OutputPort _led = new OutputPort((Cpu.Pin)16 + 8, false);
		private readonly byte[] fieldGatewayAddress = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("LoRaIoT1");
		private readonly byte[] deviceAddress = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("IoTNet1");

		public IoTNetClient()
		{
			rfm9XDevice = new Rfm9XDevice( SPI.SPI_module.SPI3, (Cpu.Pin)16 + 9, (Cpu.Pin)5, (Cpu.Pin)4);
		}

		public void Run()
		{
			rfm9XDevice.Initialise(frequency: 915000000, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn: true);
			rfm9XDevice.Receive(deviceAddress);

			rfm9XDevice.OnDataReceived += rfm9XDevice_OnDataReceived;
			rfm9XDevice.OnTransmit += rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit;

			Timer temperatureUpdates = new Timer(TemperatureTimerProc, null, dueTime, periodTime);

			Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
		}

		private void TemperatureTimerProc(object state)
		{
			_led.Write(true);

			double temperature = mcp9808.ReadTempInC();

			Debug.Print(DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("hh:mm:ss") + "  T:" + temperature.ToString("F1"));

			rfm9XDevice.Send(fieldGatewayAddress, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("t " + temperature.ToString("F1")));

			_led.Write(true);
		}

		void rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit()
		{
			Debug.Print("Transmit-Done");
			_led.Write(false);
		}

		void rfm9XDevice_OnDataReceived(byte[] address, float packetSnr, int packetRssi, int rssi, byte[] data)
		{
			try
			{
				string messageText = new string(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetChars(data));
				string addressText = new string(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetChars(address));

				Debug.Print(DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("HH:MM:ss") + "-Rfm9X PacketSnr " + packetSnr.ToString("F1") + " Packet RSSI " + packetRssi + "dBm RSSI " + rssi + "dBm = " + data.Length + " byte message " + @"""" + messageText + @"""");
			}
			catch (Exception ex)
			{
				Debug.Print(ex.Message);
			}
		}
	}
}
}

.Net Framework debug output Field Gateway

22:55:39-RX From IoTNet1 PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -50dBm RSSI -110dBm = 6 byte message "t 23.6"
 Sensor IoTNet1t Value 23.6
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
The thread 0xbec has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0xbb4 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0xa0c has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x13c has exited with code 0 (0x0).
22:56:09-RX From IoTNet1 PacketSnr 9.3 Packet RSSI -44dBm RSSI -102dBm = 6 byte message "t 23.8"
 Sensor IoTNet1t Value 23.8
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish

A small footprint, battery powered .NetMF 4.4 LoRa device designed and made in New Zealand with Visual Studio 2017 support is great.

32u4 with Lora RFM95 IOT Board-868MHz/915MHz Payload Addressing Client

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This is a demo Elecrow 32u4 with Lora RFM95 IOT Board-868MHz/915MHz client (based on one of the examples from Arduino-LoRa) that uploads telemetry data to my Windows 10 IoT Core on Raspberry PI field gateway proof of concept(PoC).

The elecrow wiki had sample code based on the RadioHead library which was useful.

Bill of materials (Prices Sep 2018)

  • 32u4 with Lora RFM95 IOT Board-868MHz/915MHz USD22.50
  • Seedstudio LightLevel Sensor USD2.90
  • Crowtail to Grove 4 pin Conversion Cable USD1.00

The code is pretty basic, it reads a value from the light sensor, scales it, then packs the payload and sets the necessary RFM9X/SX127X LoRa module configuration, has no power conservation, advanced wireless configuration etc.

Elecrow32u4LoRa

/*
  Adapted from LoRa Duplex communication with Sync Word

  Sends Light data from Seeedstudio 

   https://www.seeedstudio.com/Grove-Light-Sensor-v1-2-p-2727.html

  To my Windows 10 IoT Core RFM 9X library

  https://blog.devmobile.co.nz/2018/09/03/rfm9x-iotcore-payload-addressing/

*/
#include               // include libraries
#include
const int csPin = 10;          // LoRa radio chip select
const int resetPin = 9;       // LoRa radio reset
const int irqPin = 2;         // change for your board; must be a hardware interrupt pin

// Field gateway configuration
const char FieldGatewayAddress[] = "LoRaIoT1";
const float FieldGatewayFrequency =  915000000.0;
const byte FieldGatewaySyncWord = 0x12 ;

// Payload configuration
const int PayloadSizeMaximum = 64 ;
byte payload[PayloadSizeMaximum] = "";
const byte SensorReadingSeperator = ',' ;

// Manual serial number configuration
const char DeviceId[] = {"Elecrow32u4"};

const int analogInPin = A0;
const int LoopSleepDelaySeconds = 60 ;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);

  Serial.println("LoRa Setup");

  // override the default CS, reset, and IRQ pins (optional)
  LoRa.setPins(csPin, resetPin, irqPin);// set CS, reset, IRQ pin

  if (!LoRa.begin(FieldGatewayFrequency))
  {
    Serial.println("LoRa init failed. Check your connections.");
    while (true);
  }

  // Need to do this so field gateways pays attention to messages from this device
  LoRa.enableCrc();
  LoRa.setSyncWord(FieldGatewaySyncWord);  

  LoRa.dumpRegisters(Serial);
  Serial.println("LoRa Setup done.");

  Serial.println("Setup done");
}

void loop()
{
  int payloadLength = 0 ;
  int sensorValue = 0;
  int outputValue = 0; 

  Serial.println("Loop called");
  memset(payload, 0, sizeof(payload));

  // Scale the sensor value to a %
  sensorValue = analogRead(analogInPin);
  outputValue = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 100);  

  // prepare the payload header with "To" Address length (top nibble) and "From" address length (bottom nibble)
  payload[0] = (strlen(FieldGatewayAddress) << 4) | strlen( DeviceId ) ;
  payloadLength += 1;

  // Copy the "To" address into payload
  memcpy(&payload[payloadLength], FieldGatewayAddress, strlen(FieldGatewayAddress));
  payloadLength += strlen(FieldGatewayAddress) ;

  // Copy the "From" into payload
  memcpy(&payload[payloadLength], DeviceId, strlen(DeviceId));
  payloadLength += strlen(DeviceId) ;

  Serial.println("Loop called 5");

  Serial.print("L:");
  Serial.print( outputValue ) ;
  Serial.println( "%" ) ;

  // Copy the temperature into the payload
  payload[ payloadLength] = 'l';
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payload[ payloadLength] = ' ';
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payloadLength += strlen( itoa(outputValue, &payload[payloadLength],10 ));  

  // display info about payload then send it (No ACK) with LoRa unlike nRF24L01
  Serial.print( "RFM9X/SX127X Payload length:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength );
  Serial.println( " bytes" );

  LoRa.beginPacket();
  LoRa.write( payload, payloadLength );
  LoRa.endPacket();      

  Serial.println("Loop done");

  delay(LoopSleepDelaySeconds * 1000l);
}

In the debug output window the messages from the device looked like this

14:06:38-RX From Elecrow32u4 PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -88dBm RSSI -110dBm = 4 byte message "l 85"
Sensor Elecrow32u4l Value 85
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
The thread 0x930 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0xb74 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x3c8 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x984 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
14:07:01-RX From IoTMCU915 PacketSnr 9.3 Packet RSSI -87dBm RSSI -110dBm = 12 byte message "t 13.7,h 113"
Sensor IoTMCU915t Value 13.7
Sensor IoTMCU915h Value 113
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
The thread 0x6e8 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x7b4 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0xe9c has exited with code 0 (0x0).

My battery is a bit of an overkill and to reduce power consumption I would disconnect/remove the light emitting diode(LED)

 

LoRa Radio Node v1.0 868/915MHz Payload Addressing Client

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This is a demo IoTMCU LoRa Radio Node V1.0 868/915MHz client (based on one of the examples from Arduino-LoRa) that uploads telemetry data to my Windows 10 IoT Core on Raspberry PI field gateway proof of concept(PoC).

The devices arrived promptly and the sample code and schematics made adapting my Arduino code easy.

Bill of materials (Prices Sep 2018)

The code is pretty basic, it shows how to pack the payload and set the necessary RFM9X/SX127X LoRa module configuration, has no power conservation, advanced wireless configuration etc.

IoTMCULoRa915V2

/*
  Adapted from LoRa Duplex communication with Sync Word

  Sends temperature & humidity data from Seeedstudio 

  https://www.seeedstudio.com/Grove-Temperature-Humidity-Sensor-High-Accuracy-Min-p-1921.html

  To my Windows 10 IoT Core RFM 9X library

  https://blog.devmobile.co.nz/2018/09/03/rfm9x-iotcore-payload-addressing/
*/
#include               // include libraries
#include
#include
const int csPin = 10;          // LoRa radio chip select
const int resetPin = 9;       // LoRa radio reset
const int irqPin = 2;         // change for your board; must be a hardware interrupt pin

// Field gateway configuration
const char FieldGatewayAddress[] = "LoRaIoT1";
const float FieldGatewayFrequency =  915000000.0;
const byte FieldGatewaySyncWord = 0x12 ;

// Payload configuration
const int PayloadSizeMaximum = 64 ;
byte payload[PayloadSizeMaximum] = "";
const byte SensorReadingSeperator = ',' ;

// Manual serial number configuration
const char DeviceId[] = {"IoTMCU915"};

const int LoopSleepDelaySeconds = 60 ;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial);

  Serial.println("LoRa Setup");

  // override the default CS, reset, and IRQ pins (optional)
  LoRa.setPins(csPin, resetPin, irqPin);// set CS, reset, IRQ pin

  if (!LoRa.begin(FieldGatewayFrequency))
  {
    Serial.println("LoRa init failed. Check your connections.");
    while (true);
  }

  // Need to do this so field gateways pays attention to messages from this device
  LoRa.enableCrc();
  LoRa.setSyncWord(FieldGatewaySyncWord);  

  //LoRa.dumpRegisters(Serial);
  Serial.println("LoRa Setup done.");

  // Configure the Seeedstudio TH02 temperature & humidity sensor
  Serial.println("TH02 setup");
  TH02.begin();
  delay(100);
  Serial.println("TH02 Setup done");  

  Serial.println("Setup done");
}

void loop()
{
  int payloadLength = 0 ;
  float temperature ;
  float humidity ;

  Serial.println("Loop called");
  memset(payload, 0, sizeof(payload));

  // prepare the payload header with "To" Address length (top nibble) and "From" address length (bottom nibble)
  payload[0] = (strlen(FieldGatewayAddress) << 4) | strlen( DeviceId ) ;
  payloadLength += 1;

  // Copy the "To" address into payload
  memcpy(&payload[payloadLength], FieldGatewayAddress, strlen(FieldGatewayAddress));
  payloadLength += strlen(FieldGatewayAddress) ;

  // Copy the "From" into payload
  memcpy(&payload[payloadLength], DeviceId, strlen(DeviceId));
  payloadLength += strlen(DeviceId) ;

  // Read the temperature and humidity values then display nicely
  temperature = TH02.ReadTemperature();
  humidity = TH02.ReadHumidity();

  Serial.print("T:");
  Serial.print( temperature, 1 ) ;
  Serial.print( "C" ) ;

  Serial.print(" H:");
  Serial.print( humidity, 0 ) ;
  Serial.println( "%" ) ;

  // Copy the temperature into the payload
  payload[ payloadLength] = 't';
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payload[ payloadLength] = ' ';
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payloadLength += strlen( dtostrf(temperature, -1, 1, &payload[payloadLength]));
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorReadingSeperator;
  payloadLength += sizeof(SensorReadingSeperator) ;

  // Copy the humidity into the payload
  payload[ payloadLength] = 'h';
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payload[ payloadLength] = ' ';
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payloadLength += strlen( dtostrf(humidity, -1, 0, &payload[payloadLength]));  

  // display info about payload then send it (No ACK) with LoRa unlike nRF24L01
  Serial.print( "RFM9X/SX127X Payload length:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength );
  Serial.println( " bytes" );

  LoRa.beginPacket();
  LoRa.write( payload, payloadLength );
  LoRa.endPacket();      

  Serial.println("Loop done");

  delay(LoopSleepDelaySeconds * 1000l);
}

In the debug output window the messages from the device looked like this

Register 0x40 – Value 0X00 – Bits 00000000
Register 0x41 – Value 0X00 – Bits 00000000
Register 0x42 – Value 0X12 – Bits 00010010
…
The thread 0x6f8 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x2f0 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
19:35:35-RX From IoTMCU915 PacketSnr 10.0 Packet RSSI -45dBm RSSI -109dBm = 11 byte message "t 19.8,h 88"
Sensor IoTMCU915t Value 19.8
Sensor IoTMCU915h Value 88
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
The thread 0x9b0 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x9f4 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x9dc has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x17fc has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 0x944 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
19:36:35-RX From IoTMCU915 PacketSnr 10.8 Packet RSSI -45dBm RSSI -108dBm = 11 byte message "t 19.7,h 88"
Sensor IoTMCU915t Value 19.7
Sensor IoTMCU915h Value 88
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
The thread 0xbf0 has exited with code 0 (0x0).

I have some suitable batteries on order from Jaycar a local supplier. There is also a 433MHz version of this device available other regions.

Netduino LoRa Radio 433/868/915 MHz Payload Addressing client

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This is a demo Netduino client (based on one of the examples in my RFM9XLoRaNetMF library) that uploads telemetry data to my Windows 10 IoT Core on Raspberry PI field gateway proof of concept(PoC).

Bill of materials (Prices Sep 2018)

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) 2017, devMobile Software
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace devMobile.IoT.Netduino.FieldGateway
{
   using System;
   using System.Text;
   using System.Threading;
   using Microsoft.SPOT;
   using Microsoft.SPOT.Hardware;
   using SecretLabs.NETMF.Hardware.Netduino;
   using devMobile.IoT.NetMF.ISM;
   using devMobile.NetMF.Sensor;

   class NetduinoClient
   {
      Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDevice;
      private readonly TimeSpan dueTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 15);
      private readonly TimeSpan periodTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 300);
      private readonly SiliconLabsSI7005 sensor = new SiliconLabsSI7005();
      private readonly OutputPort _led = new OutputPort(Pins.ONBOARD_LED, false);
      private readonly byte[] fieldGatewayAddress = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("LoRaIoT1");
      private readonly byte[] deviceAddress = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Netduino1");

      public NetduinoClient()
      {
         rfm9XDevice = new Rfm9XDevice(Pins.GPIO_PIN_D10, Pins.GPIO_PIN_D9, Pins.GPIO_PIN_D2);
      }

      public void Run()
      {
         //rfm9XDevice.Initialise(frequency: 915000000, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn: true);
         rfm9XDevice.Initialise(frequency: 433000000, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn: true);
         rfm9XDevice.Receive(deviceAddress);

         rfm9XDevice.OnDataReceived += rfm9XDevice_OnDataReceived;
         rfm9XDevice.OnTransmit += rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit;

         Timer humidityAndtemperatureUpdates = new Timer(HumidityAndTemperatureTimerProc, null, dueTime, periodTime);

         Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
      }

      private void HumidityAndTemperatureTimerProc(object state)
      {
         _led.Write(true);

         double humidity = sensor.Humidity();
         double temperature = sensor.Temperature();

         Debug.Print(DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("hh:mm:ss") + " H:" + humidity.ToString("F1") + " T:" + temperature.ToString("F1"));

         rfm9XDevice.Send(fieldGatewayAddress, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes( "t " + temperature.ToString("F1") + ",H " + humidity.ToString("F0")));

         _led.Write(true);
      }

      void rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit()
      {
         Debug.Print("Transmit-Done");
         _led.Write(false);
      }

      void rfm9XDevice_OnDataReceived(byte[] address, float packetSnr, int packetRssi, int rssi, byte[] data)
      {
         try
         {
            string messageText = new string(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetChars(data));
            string addressText = new string(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetChars(address));

            Debug.Print(DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("HH:MM:ss") + "-Rfm9X PacketSnr " + packetSnr.ToString("F1") + " Packet RSSI " + packetRssi + "dBm RSSI " + rssi + "dBm = " + data.Length + " byte message " + @"""" + messageText + @"""");
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
            Debug.Print(ex.Message);
         }
      }
   }
}

The code is available on GitHub
FieldGatewayNetduinoLoRaElecrow915
Elecrow shield
FieldGatewayNetduinoLoRaDragino915
Dragino shield
FieldGatewayNetduinLoRaMakerFabs433
MakerFabs shield
Net Micro Framework debug output from device

The thread '' (0x2) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
12:00:18 H:96.9 T:19.6
Transmit-Done
12:05:17 H:95.1 T:20.1
Transmit-Done

.Net Framework debug output Field Gateway

The thread 0x1550 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
21:21:49-RX From Netduino1 PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -40dBm RSSI -107dBm = 11 byte message "t 19.6,H 97"
 Sensor Netduino1t Value 19.6
 Sensor Netduino1H Value 97
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
...
21:26:49-RX From Netduino1 PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -33dBm RSSI -103dBm = 11 byte message "t 20.1,H 95"
 Sensor Netduino1t Value 20.1
 Sensor Netduino1H Value 95
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync start
 AzureIoTHubClient SendEventAsync finish
The thread 0xfbc has exited with code 0 (0x0).

Then in my Azure IoT Hub

AzureIOTHubExplorerScreenGrab20180917

RFM9X.IoTCore Uputronics Raspberry PI LoRa(TM) Expansion Board

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The Raspberry Pi+ LoRa(TM) Expansion Board has two RF modules. In my setup CE0 was 915MHz and CE1 was 433MHz so I modified the demo application so I could run both ports independently or simultaneously.

#if UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS0 && !UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS1
		private const byte InterruptLine = 25;
		private Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDevice = new Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin.CS0, InterruptLine);
#endif
#if !UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS0 && UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS1
		private const byte InterruptLine = 16;
		private Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDevice = new Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin.CS1, InterruptLine);
#endif
#if UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS0 && UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS1 // 433MHz and 915MHz in my setup
	private const byte InterruptLineCS0 = 25;
	private Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDeviceCS0 = new Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin.CS0, InterruptLineCS0);
	private const byte InterruptLineCS1 = 16;
	private Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDeviceCS1 = new Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin.CS1, InterruptLineCS1);
#endif

The in the run method

#if UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS0 && UPUTRONICS_RPIPLUS_CS1
		public void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
		{
			rfm9XDeviceCS0.Initialise(915000000.0, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn: true);
			rfm9XDeviceCS1.Initialise(433000000.0, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn: true);
#if DEBUG
			rfm9XDeviceCS0.RegisterDump();
			rfm9XDeviceCS1.RegisterDump();
#endif

			rfm9XDeviceCS0.OnReceive += Rfm9XDevice_OnReceive;
			rfm9XDeviceCS1.OnReceive += Rfm9XDevice_OnReceive;
#if ADDRESSED_MESSAGES_PAYLOAD
			rfm9XDeviceCS0.Receive(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Environment.MachineName));
			rfm9XDeviceCS1.Receive(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Environment.MachineName));
#else
			rfm9XDeviceCS0.Receive();
			rfm9XDeviceCS1.Receive();
#endif
			rfm9XDeviceCS0.OnTransmit += Rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit;
			rfm9XDeviceCS1.OnTransmit += Rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit;

			Task.Delay(10000).Wait();

			while (true)
			{
				string messageText = string.Format("Hello from {0} ! {1}", Environment.MachineName, MessageCount);
				MessageCount -= 1;

				byte[] messageBytes = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(messageText);
				Debug.WriteLine("{0:HH:mm:ss}-TX {1} byte message {2}", DateTime.Now, messageBytes.Length, messageText);
#if ADDRESSED_MESSAGES_PAYLOAD
				this.rfm9XDeviceCS0.Send(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Netduino"), messageBytes);
				this.rfm9XDeviceCS1.Send(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Arduino1"), messageBytes);
#else
				this.rfm9XDeviceCS0.Send(messageBytes);
				this.rfm9XDeviceCS1.Send(messageBytes);
#endif
				Task.Delay(10000).Wait();
			}
		}

#else

		public void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
		{
			rfm9XDevice.Initialise(433000000, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn : true);
			rfm9XDevice.Initialise(915000000, paBoost: true, rxPayloadCrcOn : true);
#if DEBUG
			rfm9XDevice.RegisterDump();
#endif

		rfm9XDevice.OnReceive += Rfm9XDevice_OnReceive;
#if ADDRESSED_MESSAGES_PAYLOAD
			rfm9XDevice.Receive(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Environment.MachineName));
#else
			rfm9XDevice.Receive();
#endif
			rfm9XDevice.OnTransmit += Rfm9XDevice_OnTransmit;

			Task.Delay(10000).Wait();

			while (true)
			{
				string messageText = string.Format("Hello from {0} ! {1}", Environment.MachineName, MessageCount);
				MessageCount -= 1;

				byte[] messageBytes = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(messageText);
				Debug.WriteLine("{0:HH:mm:ss}-TX {1} byte message {2}", DateTime.Now, messageBytes.Length, messageText);
#if ADDRESSED_MESSAGES_PAYLOAD
				this.rfm9XDevice.Send(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("AddressHere"), messageBytes);
#else
				this.rfm9XDevice.Send(messageBytes);
#endif
				Task.Delay(10000).Wait();
			}
		}
#endif

In the debugger output I could see addressed messages being sent to and arriving from a 433MHz Arduino device and a 915MHz Netduino device.

The thread 0x5f8 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
22:06:44-RX From Netduino PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -49dBm RSSI -110dBm = 20 byte message "Hello NetMF LoRa! 82"
22:06:47-RX From Arduino1 PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -56dBm RSSI -101dBm = 11 byte message "t 20.2,h 90"
22:06:48-TX 25 byte message Hello from LoRaIoT1 ! 163
22:06:49-TX Done
22:06:49-TX Done
The thread 0xe9c has exited with code 0 (0x0).
22:06:54-RX From Netduino PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -46dBm RSSI -111dBm = 20 byte message "Hello NetMF LoRa! 83"
22:06:57-RX From Arduino1 PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -61dBm RSSI -93dBm = 11 byte message "t 20.3,h 90"
22:06:58-TX 25 byte message Hello from LoRaIoT1 ! 162
22:06:59-TX Done
22:06:59-TX Done
The thread 0xf88 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
22:07:04-RX From Netduino PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -48dBm RSSI -110dBm = 20 byte message "Hello NetMF LoRa! 84"
22:07:07-RX From Arduino1 PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -61dBm RSSI -93dBm = 11 byte message "t 20.2,h 90"
22:07:09-TX 25 byte message Hello from LoRaIoT1 ! 161
22:07:09-TX Done
22:07:09-TX Done

This particular configuration has not been extensively tested yet and should be treated as early Beta (11 Sept 2018)

 

Uputronics Raspberry Pi+ LoRa(TM) Expansion Board

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The second package to arrive was a Raspberry Pi+ LoRa(TM) Expansion Board populated with HopeRF 434MHz & 915MHz modules. It was in a small cardboard box with bolts+spacers and had a small set of printed instructions.

The shield has four user controlable Light Emitting Diodes(LED) connected to General Purpose Input Output(GPIO) pins which will be useful  for providing feedback when trying to debug faults etc..

uputronicsPiPlusHelp

Some of the pin numbers are also printed on the shield silk screen.UputronicsRPIPlusShield
This time the first step was to check the pin assignments of the 4 LEDs

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) September 2018, devMobile Software
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace devMobile.IoT.Rfm9x.UputronicsRPIPlusLed
{
	using System;
	using System.Threading;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
	using Windows.Devices.Gpio;

	public sealed class StartupTask : IBackgroundTask
	{
		public void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
		{
			GpioController gpioController = GpioController.GetDefault();

			GpioPin ce01LedPin = gpioController.OpenPin(5);
			ce01LedPin.SetDriveMode(GpioPinDriveMode.Output);
			ce01LedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);

			GpioPin ceo2LedPin = gpioController.OpenPin(21);
			ceo2LedPin.SetDriveMode(GpioPinDriveMode.Output);
			ceo2LedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);

			GpioPin lanLedPin = gpioController.OpenPin(6);
			lanLedPin.SetDriveMode(GpioPinDriveMode.Output);
			lanLedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);

			GpioPin internetLedPin = gpioController.OpenPin(13);
			internetLedPin.SetDriveMode(GpioPinDriveMode.Output);
			internetLedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);

			while (true)
			{
				if (ce01LedPin.Read() == GpioPinValue.High)
				{
					ce01LedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);
				}
				else
				{
					ce01LedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);
				}

				if (ceo2LedPin.Read() == GpioPinValue.High)
				{
					ceo2LedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);
				}
				else
				{
					ceo2LedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);
				}

				if (lanLedPin.Read() == GpioPinValue.High)
				{
					lanLedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);
				}
				else
				{
					lanLedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);
				}

				if (internetLedPin.Read() == GpioPinValue.High)
				{
					internetLedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);
				}
				else
				{
					internetLedPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);
				}

				Thread.Sleep(500);
			}
		}
	}
}

I think there is a small issue with the internet LED it should be GPIO13 (which matches the pin number)

The next step was to get the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) interface for both modules working.

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) September 2018, devMobile Software
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace devMobile.IoT.Rfm9x.UputronicsRPIPlusSPI
{
	using System;
	using System.Diagnostics;
	using System.Threading;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
	using Windows.Devices.Spi;

	public sealed class StartupTask : IBackgroundTask
	{
		public void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
		{
#if CS0
			const int chipSelectPinNumber = 0;
#endif
#if CS1
			const int chipSelectPinNumber = 1;
#endif
			SpiController spiController = SpiController.GetDefaultAsync().AsTask().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
			var settings = new SpiConnectionSettings(chipSelectPinNumber)
			{
				ClockFrequency = 500000,
				Mode = SpiMode.Mode0,   // From SemTech docs pg 80 CPOL=0, CPHA=0
			};
			SpiDevice Device = spiController.GetDevice(settings);

			while (true)
			{
				byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[] { 0x42 }; // RegVersion
				byte[] readBuffer = new byte[1];

				// Read the RegVersion silicon ID to check SPI works
				Device.TransferSequential(writeBuffer, readBuffer);

#if CS0
				Debug.WriteLine("CS0 Register RegVer 0x{0:x2} - Value 0X{1:x2} - Bits {2}", writeBuffer[0], readBuffer[0], Convert.ToString(readBuffer[0], 2).PadLeft(8, '0'));
#endif
#if CS1
				Debug.WriteLine("CS1 Register RegVer 0x{0:x2} - Value 0X{1:x2} - Bits {2}", writeBuffer[0], readBuffer[0], Convert.ToString(readBuffer[0], 2).PadLeft(8, '0'));
#endif
				Thread.Sleep(10000);
			}
		}
	}
}

Like the other uputronics shield I have tested this appears not to have the reset line of the RFM9X connected.

The output confirmed the code worked with both CS0 and CS1 defined

CS0 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010
CS0 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010
CS0 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010
CS0 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010

 

CS1 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010
CS1 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010
CS1 Register RegVer 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010

Would have been more useful to read RegFrMsb = 0x06, RegFrMid = 0x7, and RegFrLsb = 0x08 so I could see the different default frequencies of the two HopeRF modules. The next step is to build support for this shield into my RFM9X.IoTCore library.

RFM9X.IoTCore Uputronics Raspberry PiZero LoRa(TM) Expansion Board

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I had to make some modifications to my RFM9X.IoT core library to support the Uputronics Raspberry PiZero LoRa(TM) Expansion Board as it doesn’t appear to have the HopeRF 9X reset pin connected.

I create another overload of the class constructor

// Constructor for RPI shields with chip select connected to CS0/CS1 and no reset pin e.g. Uputronics
public Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin chipSelectPin, int interruptPinNumber)
{
	RegisterManager = new RegisterManager(chipSelectPin);

	// Check that SX127X chip is present
	Byte regVersionValue = RegisterManager.ReadByte((byte)Registers.RegVersion);
	if (regVersionValue != RegVersionValueExpected)
	{
		throw new ApplicationException("Semtech SX127X not found");
	}

	GpioController gpioController = GpioController.GetDefault();

	// Interrupt pin for RX message, TX done etc. notifications
	InterruptGpioPin = gpioController.OpenPin(interruptPinNumber);
	InterruptGpioPin.SetDriveMode(GpioPinDriveMode.Input);

	InterruptGpioPin.ValueChanged += InterruptGpioPin_ValueChanged;
}

Then disabled the strobing of the reset pin if it was not configured in the Initialise method

ublic void Initialise(
	double frequency = FrequencyDefault, // RegFrMsb, RegFrMid, RegFrLsb
	bool rxDoneignoreIfCrcMissing = true, bool rxDoneignoreIfCrcInvalid = true,
	bool paBoost = PABoostDefault, byte maxPower = RegPAConfigMaxPowerDefault, byte outputPower = RegPAConfigOutputPowerDefault, // RegPaConfig
	bool ocpOn = RegOcpDefault, byte ocpTrim = RegOcpOcpTrimDefault, // RegOcp
	RegLnaLnaGain lnaGain = LnaGainDefault, bool lnaBoost = LnaBoostDefault, // RegLna
	RegModemConfigBandwidth bandwidth = RegModemConfigBandwidthDefault, RegModemConfigCodingRate codingRate = RegModemConfigCodingRateDefault, RegModemConfigImplicitHeaderModeOn implicitHeaderModeOn = RegModemConfigImplicitHeaderModeOnDefault, //RegModemConfig1
	RegModemConfig2SpreadingFactor spreadingFactor = RegModemConfig2SpreadingFactorDefault, bool txContinuousMode = false, bool rxPayloadCrcOn = false,
	ushort symbolTimeout = SymbolTimeoutDefault,
	ushort preambleLength = PreambleLengthDefault,
	byte payloadLength = PayloadLengthDefault,
	byte payloadMaxLength = PayloadMaxLengthDefault,
	byte freqHoppingPeriod = FreqHoppingPeriodDefault,
	bool lowDataRateOptimize = LowDataRateOptimizeDefault, bool agcAutoOn = AgcAutoOnDefault,
	byte ppmCorrection = ppmCorrectionDefault,
	RegDetectOptimizeDectionOptimize detectionOptimize = RegDetectOptimizeDectionOptimizeDefault,
	bool invertIQ = InvertIqDefault,
	RegisterDetectionThreshold detectionThreshold = RegisterDetectionThresholdDefault,
	byte syncWord = RegSyncWordDefault)
{
	Frequency = frequency; // Store this away for RSSI adjustments
	RxDoneIgnoreIfCrcMissing = rxDoneignoreIfCrcMissing;
	RxDoneIgnoreIfCrcInvalid = rxDoneignoreIfCrcInvalid;

	// If the HopeRF module doesn't have the reset pin connected (e.g. uputroncis) not point in resetting it
	if (ResetGpioPin != null)
	{
		// Strobe Reset pin briefly to factory reset SX127X chip
		ResetGpioPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);
		Task.Delay(10);
		ResetGpioPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);
		Task.Delay(10);
	}

In the calling application the constructor is called when UPUTRONICS_RPIZERO_CS0 or UPUTRONICS_RPIZERO_CS0 is defined.

#endif
#if UPUTRONICS_RPIZERO_CS0
	private const byte InterruptLine = 25;
	private Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDevice = new Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin.CS0, InterruptLine);
#endif
#if UPUTRONICS_RPIZERO_CS1
	private const byte InterruptLine = 16;
	private Rfm9XDevice rfm9XDevice = new Rfm9XDevice(ChipSelectPin.CS1, InterruptLine);
#endif

I rebuilt the test application with the necessary uputronics definitions and it worked.

Register 0x40 - Value 0X00 - Bits 00000000
Register 0x41 - Value 0X00 - Bits 00000000
Register 0x42 - Value 0X12 - Bits 00010010
'backgroundTaskHost.exe' (CoreCLR: CoreCLR_UWP_Domain): <span id="mce_SELREST_start" style="overflow:hidden;line-height:0;"></span>Loaded 'C:\Data\Users\DefaultAccount\AppData\Local\DevelopmentFiles\Rfm9xLoRaDeviceClient-uwpVS.Debug_ARM.Bryn.Lewis\System.Threading.dll'. Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled.
14:26:42-TX 25 byte message Hello from LoRaIoT1 ! 255
14:26:42-TX Done
14:26:42-RX PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -55dBm RSSI -112dBm = 24 byte message "11 Hello Arduino LoRa! 0"
14:26:43-RX PacketSnr 9.3 Packet RSSI -56dBm RSSI -110dBm = 24 byte message "11 Hello Arduino LoRa! 1"
14:26:44-RX PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -58dBm RSSI -111dBm = 24 byte message "11 Hello Arduino LoRa! 2"
14:26:45-RX PacketSnr 9.5 Packet RSSI -58dBm RSSI -111dBm = 24 byte message "11 Hello Arduino LoRa! 3"
14:26:46-RX PacketSnr 9.3 Packet RSSI -58dBm RSSI -112dBm = 24 byte message "11 Hello Arduino LoRa! 4"
The thread 0x154 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
14:26:47-RX PacketSnr 9.8 Packet RSSI -58dBm RSSI -114dBm = 24 byte message "11

I back integrated the code into my Adafruit.IO LoRa gateway and it worked (second time after I fixed the conditional compile directive) just need to do some further stress and soak testing.