Receive Basic: Rasmatic/RFM69-Arduino-Library

Next step was to extend my code to receive packets (no addressing or encryption). Initially I didn’t receive any messages as I had neglected to configure the variable length flag (RegPacketConfig bit 7) and had a typo in the RegRxBw register configuration.

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namespace devMobile.IoT.Rfm69Hcw.ReceiveBasic
{
	using System;
	using System.Diagnostics;
	using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Threading.Tasks;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;
	using Windows.Devices.Spi;
	using Windows.Devices.Gpio;

	public sealed class Rfm69HcwDevice
	{
		private SpiDevice Rfm69Hcw;
		private const byte RegisterAddressReadMask = 0X7f;
		private const byte RegisterAddressWriteMask = 0x80;

		public Rfm69HcwDevice(int chipSelectPin, int resetPin)
		{
			SpiController spiController = SpiController.GetDefaultAsync().AsTask().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
			var settings = new SpiConnectionSettings(chipSelectPin)
			{
				ClockFrequency = 500000,
				Mode = SpiMode.Mode0,
			};

			// Factory reset pin configuration
			GpioController gpioController = GpioController.GetDefault();
			GpioPin resetGpioPin = gpioController.OpenPin(resetPin);
			resetGpioPin.SetDriveMode(GpioPinDriveMode.Output);
			resetGpioPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);
			Task.Delay(100);
			resetGpioPin.Write(GpioPinValue.High);
			Task.Delay(100);
			resetGpioPin.Write(GpioPinValue.Low);

			Task.Delay(100);

			Rfm69Hcw = spiController.GetDevice(settings);
		}

		public Byte RegisterReadByte(byte address)
		{
			byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[] { address &= RegisterAddressReadMask };
			byte[] readBuffer = new byte[1];
			Debug.Assert(Rfm69Hcw != null);

			Rfm69Hcw.TransferSequential(writeBuffer, readBuffer);

			return readBuffer[0];
		}

		public ushort RegisterReadWord(byte address)
		{
			byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[] { address &= RegisterAddressReadMask };
			byte[] readBuffer = new byte[2];
			Debug.Assert(Rfm69Hcw != null);

			Rfm69Hcw.TransferSequential(writeBuffer, readBuffer);

			return (ushort)(readBuffer[1] + (readBuffer[0] << 8));
		}

		public byte[] RegisterRead(byte address, int length)
		{
			byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[] { address &amp;= RegisterAddressReadMask };
			byte[] readBuffer = new byte[length];
			Debug.Assert(Rfm69Hcw != null);

			Rfm69Hcw.TransferSequential(writeBuffer, readBuffer);

			return readBuffer;
		}

		public void RegisterWriteByte(byte address, byte value)
		{
			byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[] { address |= RegisterAddressWriteMask, value };
			Debug.Assert(Rfm69Hcw != null);

			Rfm69Hcw.Write(writeBuffer);
		}

		public void RegisterWriteWord(byte address, ushort value)
		{
			byte[] valueBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value);
			byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[] { address |= RegisterAddressWriteMask, valueBytes[0], valueBytes[1] };
			Debug.Assert(Rfm69Hcw != null);

			Rfm69Hcw.Write(writeBuffer);
		}

		public void RegisterWrite(byte address, [ReadOnlyArray()] byte[] bytes)
		{
			byte[] writeBuffer = new byte[1 + bytes.Length];
			Debug.Assert(Rfm69Hcw != null);

			Array.Copy(bytes, 0, writeBuffer, 1, bytes.Length);
			writeBuffer[0] = address |= RegisterAddressWriteMask;

			Rfm69Hcw.Write(writeBuffer);
		}

		public void RegisterDump()
		{
			Debug.WriteLine("Register dump");
			for (byte registerIndex = 0; registerIndex <= 0x3D; registerIndex++)
			{
				byte registerValue = this.RegisterReadByte(registerIndex);

				Debug.WriteLine("Register 0x{0:x2} - Value 0X{1:x2} - Bits {2}", registerIndex, registerValue, Convert.ToString(registerValue, 2).PadLeft(8, '0'));
			}
		}
	}


	public sealed class StartupTask : IBackgroundTask
	{
		private const int ChipSelectLine = 1;
		private const int ResetLine = 25;
		private Rfm69HcwDevice rfm69Device = new Rfm69HcwDevice(ChipSelectLine, ResetLine);

		const double RH_RF6M9HCW_FXOSC = 32000000.0;
		const double RH_RFM69HCW_FSTEP = RH_RF6M9HCW_FXOSC / 524288.0;

		public void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
		{
			//rfm69Device.RegisterDump();

			// regOpMode standby
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x01, 0b00000100);

			// BitRate MSB/LSB
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x03, 0x34);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x04, 0x00);

			// Calculate the frequency accoring to the datasheett
			byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((uint)(915000000.0 / RH_RFM69HCW_FSTEP));
			Debug.WriteLine("Byte Hex 0x{0:x2} 0x{1:x2} 0x{2:x2} 0x{3:x2}", bytes[0], bytes[1], bytes[2], bytes[3]);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x07, bytes[2]);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x08, bytes[1]);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x09, bytes[0]);

			// RegRxBW
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x19, 0x2a);

			// Setup preamble length to 16 (default is 3) RegPreambleMsb RegPreambleLsb
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x2C, 0x0);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x2D, 0x10);

			// RegSyncConfig Set the Sync length and byte values SyncOn + 3 custom sync bytes
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x2e, 0x90);

			// RegSyncValues1 thru RegSyncValues3
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x2f, 0xAA);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x30, 0x2D);
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x31, 0xD4);

			// RegPacketConfig1 Variable length with CRC on
			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x37, 0x90);

			rfm69Device.RegisterWriteByte(0x01, 0b00010000); // RegOpMode set ReceiveMode

			rfm69Device.RegisterDump();

			while (true)
			{
				// Wait until a packet is received, no timeouts in PoC
				Debug.WriteLine("Receive-Wait");
				byte IrqFlags = rfm69Device.RegisterReadByte(0x28); // RegIrqFlags2
				while ((IrqFlags &amp; 0b00000100) == 0)  // wait until PayLoadReady set
				{
					Task.Delay(20).Wait();
					IrqFlags = rfm69Device.RegisterReadByte(0x28); // RegIrqFlags2
					//Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("RegIrqFlags {0}", Convert.ToString((byte)IrqFlags, 2).PadLeft(8, '0')));
					Debug.Write(".");
				}
				Debug.WriteLine("");

				// Rwad the length
				byte numberOfBytes = rfm69Device.RegisterReadByte(0x0); 

				// Allocate buffer for message
				byte[] messageBytes = new byte[numberOfBytes];

				for (int i = 0; i < numberOfBytes; i++)
				{
					messageBytes[i] = rfm69Device.RegisterReadByte(0x00); // RegFifo
				}

				string messageText = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(messageBytes);
				Debug.WriteLine("Received {0} byte message {1}", messageBytes.Length, messageText);

				Debug.WriteLine("Receive-Done");
			}
		}
	}
}

I modified the Arduino application to transmit a message (with a counter so I could spot dropped messages) every second

#include <SPI.h&gt;
#include <stdio.h&gt;
#include <RMRFM69.h&gt;

#define SENDER_DETECT_PIN 4

RMRFM69 radio(SPI, 10, 2, 9);

byte counter = 0 ;

void setup() 
{
  Serial.begin(9600);

  pinMode(SENDER_DETECT_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);  
  
  radio.Modulation     = FSK;
  radio.COB            = RFM69;
  radio.Frequency      = 915000;
  radio.OutputPower    = 10+18;          //10dBm OutputPower
  radio.PreambleLength = 16;             //16Byte preamble
  radio.FixedPktLength = false;          //packet in message which need to be send
  radio.CrcDisable     = false;          //CRC On
  radio.AesOn          = false;
  radio.SymbolTime     = 416000;         //2.4Kbps
  radio.Devation       = 35;             //35KHz for devation
  radio.BandWidth      = 100;            //100KHz for bandwidth
  radio.SyncLength     = 3;              //
  radio.SyncWord[0]    = 0xAA;
  radio.SyncWord[1]    = 0x2D;
  radio.SyncWord[2]    = 0xD4;

  radio.vInitialize();
  
  if (digitalRead(SENDER_DETECT_PIN) == LOW)
  {
    Serial.println("RX start");
    radio.vGoRx();
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("TX start");
    //radio.vGoTx();    
  }
  radio.dumpRegisters(Serial);
}

void loop() 
{
  char messageIn[128] = {""};
  char messageOut[32]= {"Hello world:"};

  if (digitalRead(SENDER_DETECT_PIN) == LOW)
  {
    if(radio.bGetMessage(messageIn)!=0)
    { 
      Serial.print("MessageIn:");
      Serial.println(messageIn);
    }    
  }
  else
  {  
    Serial.print("MessageOut:") ;
    itoa(counter,&amp;messageOut[strlen( messageOut)],10);
    Serial.println(messageOut);
    if (!radio.bSendMessage(messageOut, strlen(messageOut)))
    {
      Serial.println("bSendMessage failed");
    }
    counter++;
    delay(1000);
  }
}

With the Arduino device transmitting the debug output in Visual Studio looked like this. It does seem a bit odd that the “Receive-Wait” is slowly getting longer.

Register dump
Register 0x00 - Value 0X00 - Bits 00000000
Register 0x01 - Value 0X10 - Bits 00010000
…
Register 0x3c - Value 0X0f - Bits 00001111
Register 0x3d - Value 0X02 - Bits 00000010
Receive-Wait
The thread 0x990 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
Received 13 byte message Hello world:0
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
.............................................
Received 13 byte message Hello world:1
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
...........................................
Received 13 byte message Hello world:2
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
............................................
Received 13 byte message Hello world:3
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
............................................
Received 13 byte message Hello world:4
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
.............................................
Received 13 byte message Hello world:5
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
............................................
Received 13 byte message Hello world:6
Receive-Done
Receive-Wait
............................................

I ran the client for several hours and it didn’t appear to drop any messages. Next step is to covert the receive and transmit code to use interrupts.