STM32 Blue Pill | devMobile's blog

A few weeks ago I ordered an STM32 Blue Pill LoRaWAN node from the M2M Shop on Tindie for evaluation. I have bought a few M2M client devices including a Low power LoRaWan Node Model A328, and Low power LoRaWan Node Model B1284 for projects and they have worked well. This one looked interesting as I had never used a maple like device before.

Bill of materials (Prices as at July 2019)

STM32 Blue Pill LoRaWAN node USD21
Grove – Temperature&Humidity Sensor USD11.5
Grove – 4 pin Female Jumper to Grove 4 pin Conversion Cable USD3.90

The two sockets on the main board aren’t Grove compatible so I used the 4 pin female to Grove 4 pin conversion cable to connect the temperature and humidity sensor.

I used a modified version of my Arduino client code which worked after I got the pin reset pin sorted and the female sockets in the right order.

/*
  Copyright ® 2019 July devMobile Software, All Rights Reserved

  THIS CODE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
  KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
  IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  PURPOSE.
  
  Adapted from LoRa Duplex communication with Sync Word

  Sends temperature &amp; humidity data from Seeedstudio 

  https://www.seeedstudio.com/Grove-Temperature-Humidity-Sensor-High-Accuracy-Min-p-1921.html

  To my Windows 10 IoT Core RFM 9X library

  https://blog.devmobile.co.nz/2018/09/03/rfm9x-iotcore-payload-addressing/
*/
#include <itoa.h&gt;     
#include <SPI.h&gt;     
#include <LoRa.h&gt;

#include <TH02_dev.h&gt;

#define DEBUG
//#define DEBUG_TELEMETRY
//#define DEBUG_LORA

// LoRa field gateway configuration (these settings must match your field gateway)
const char DeviceAddress[] = {"BLUEPILL"};

// Azure IoT Hub FieldGateway
const char FieldGatewayAddress[] = {"LoRaIoT1"}; 
const float FieldGatewayFrequency =  915000000.0;
const byte FieldGatewaySyncWord = 0x12 ;

// Bluepill hardware configuration
const int ChipSelectPin = PA4;
const int InterruptPin = PA0;
const int ResetPin = -1;

// LoRa radio payload configuration
const byte SensorIdValueSeperator = ' ' ;
const byte SensorReadingSeperator = ',' ;
const byte PayloadSizeMaximum = 64 ;
byte payload[PayloadSizeMaximum];
byte payloadLength = 0 ;

const int LoopDelaySeconds = 300 ;

// Sensor configuration
const char SensorIdTemperature[] = {"t"};
const char SensorIdHumidity[] = {"h"};


void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
#ifdef DEBUG
  while (!Serial);
#endif
  Serial.println("Setup called");

  Serial.println("LoRa setup start");

  // override the default chip select and reset pins
  LoRa.setPins(ChipSelectPin, ResetPin, InterruptPin);
  if (!LoRa.begin(FieldGatewayFrequency))
  {
    Serial.println("LoRa begin failed");
    while (true); // Drop into endless loop requiring restart
  }

  // Need to do this so field gateways pays attention to messsages from this device
  LoRa.enableCrc();
  LoRa.setSyncWord(FieldGatewaySyncWord);

#ifdef DEBUG_LORA
  LoRa.dumpRegisters(Serial);
#endif
  Serial.println("LoRa setup done.");

  PayloadHeader((byte*)FieldGatewayAddress, strlen(FieldGatewayAddress), (byte*)DeviceAddress, strlen(DeviceAddress));

 // Configure the Seeedstudio TH02 temperature &amp; humidity sensor
  Serial.println("TH02 setup");
  TH02.begin();
  delay(100);
  Serial.println("TH02 Setup done");  

  Serial.println("Setup done");
}

void loop() {
  // read the value from the sensor:
  double temperature = TH02.ReadTemperature();
  double humidity = TH02.ReadHumidity();

  Serial.print("Humidity: ");
  Serial.print(humidity, 0);
  Serial.print(" %\t");
  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(temperature, 1);
  Serial.println(" *C");

  PayloadReset();

  PayloadAdd(SensorIdHumidity, humidity, 0) ;
  PayloadAdd(SensorIdTemperature, temperature, 1) ;

  LoRa.beginPacket();
  LoRa.write(payload, payloadLength);
  LoRa.endPacket();

  Serial.println("Loop done");

  delay(LoopDelaySeconds * 1000);
}


void PayloadHeader( byte *to, byte toAddressLength, byte *from, byte fromAddressLength)
{
  byte addressesLength = toAddressLength + fromAddressLength ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.println("PayloadHeader- ");
  Serial.print( "To Address len:");
  Serial.print( toAddressLength );
  Serial.print( " From Address len:");
  Serial.print( fromAddressLength );
  Serial.print( " Addresses length:");
  Serial.print( addressesLength );
  Serial.println( );
#endif

  payloadLength = 0 ;

  // prepare the payload header with "To" Address length (top nibble) and "From" address length (bottom nibble)
  payload[payloadLength] = (toAddressLength << 4) | fromAddressLength ;
  payloadLength += 1;

  // Copy the "To" address into payload
  memcpy(&amp;payload[payloadLength], to, toAddressLength);
  payloadLength += toAddressLength ;

  // Copy the "From" into payload
  memcpy(&amp;payload[payloadLength], from, fromAddressLength);
  payloadLength += fromAddressLength ;
}


void PayloadAdd( const char *sensorId, float value, byte decimalPlaces)
{
  byte sensorIdLength = strlen( sensorId ) ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.println("PayloadAdd-float ");
  Serial.print( "SensorId:");
  Serial.print( sensorId );
  Serial.print( " sensorIdLen:");
  Serial.print( sensorIdLength );
  Serial.print( " Value:");
  Serial.print( value, decimalPlaces );
  Serial.print( " payloadLength:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength);
#endif

  memcpy( &amp;payload[payloadLength], sensorId,  sensorIdLength) ;
  payloadLength += sensorIdLength ;
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorIdValueSeperator;
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payloadLength += strlen( dtostrf(value, -1, decimalPlaces, (char *)&amp;payload[payloadLength]));
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorReadingSeperator;
  payloadLength += 1 ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.print( " payloadLength:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength);
  Serial.println( );
#endif
}


void PayloadAdd( const char *sensorId, int value )
{
  byte sensorIdLength = strlen( sensorId ) ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.println("PayloadAdd-int ");
  Serial.print( "SensorId:");
  Serial.print( sensorId );
  Serial.print( " sensorIdLen:");
  Serial.print( sensorIdLength );
  Serial.print( " Value:");
  Serial.print( value );
  Serial.print( " payloadLength:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength);
#endif

  memcpy( &amp;payload[payloadLength], sensorId,  sensorIdLength) ;
  payloadLength += sensorIdLength ;
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorIdValueSeperator;
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payloadLength += strlen( itoa( value, (char *)&amp;payload[payloadLength], 10));
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorReadingSeperator;
  payloadLength += 1 ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.print( " payloadLength:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength);
  Serial.println( );
#endif
}

void PayloadAdd( const char *sensorId, unsigned int value )
{
  byte sensorIdLength = strlen( sensorId ) ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.println("PayloadAdd-unsigned int ");
  Serial.print( "SensorId:");
  Serial.print( sensorId );
  Serial.print( " sensorIdLen:");
  Serial.print( sensorIdLength );
  Serial.print( " Value:");
  Serial.print( value );
  Serial.print( " payloadLength:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength);
#endif

  memcpy( &amp;payload[payloadLength], sensorId,  sensorIdLength) ;
  payloadLength += sensorIdLength ;
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorIdValueSeperator;
  payloadLength += 1 ;
  payloadLength += strlen( utoa( value, (char *)&amp;payload[payloadLength], 10));
  payload[ payloadLength] = SensorReadingSeperator;
  payloadLength += 1 ;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.print( " payloadLength:");
  Serial.print( payloadLength);
  Serial.println( );
#endif
}


void PayloadReset()
{
  byte fromAddressLength = payload[0] &amp; 0xf ;
  byte toAddressLength = payload[0] &gt;&gt; 4 ;
  byte addressesLength = toAddressLength + fromAddressLength ;

  payloadLength = addressesLength + 1;

#ifdef DEBUG_TELEMETRY
  Serial.println("PayloadReset- ");
  Serial.print( "To Address len:");
  Serial.print( toAddressLength );
  Serial.print( " From Address len:");
  Serial.print( fromAddressLength );
  Serial.print( " Addresses length:");
  Serial.print( addressesLength );
  Serial.println( );
#endif
}

To get the application to compile I also had to include itoa.h rather than stdlib.h.

maple_loader v0.1
Resetting to bootloader via DTR pulse
[Reset via USB Serial Failed! Did you select the right serial port?]
Searching for DFU device [1EAF:0003]...
Assuming the board is in perpetual bootloader mode and continuing to attempt dfu programming...

dfu-util - (C) 2007-2008 by OpenMoko Inc.

Initially I had some problems deploying my software because I hadn’t followed the instructions and run the installation batch file.

14:03:56.946 -> Setup called
14:03:56.946 -> LoRa setup start
14:03:56.946 -> LoRa setup done.
14:03:56.946 -> TH02 setup
14:03:57.046 -> TH02 Setup done
14:03:57.046 -> Setup done
14:03:57.115 -> Humidity: 76 %	Temperature: 18.9 *C
14:03:57.182 -> Loop done
14:08:57.226 -> Humidity: 74 %	Temperature: 18.7 *C
14:08:57.295 -> Loop done
14:13:57.360 -> Humidity: 76 %	Temperature: 18.3 *C
14:13:57.430 -> Loop done
14:18:57.475 -> Humidity: 74 %	Temperature: 18.2 *C
14:18:57.544 -> Loop done
14:23:57.593 -> Humidity: 70 %	Temperature: 17.8 *C
14:23:57.662 -> Loop done
14:28:57.733 -> Humidity: 71 %	Temperature: 17.8 *C
14:28:57.802 -> Loop done
14:33:57.883 -> Humidity: 73 %	Temperature: 17.9 *C
14:33:57.952 -> Loop done
14:38:57.997 -> Humidity: 73 %	Temperature: 18.0 *C
14:38:58.066 -> Loop done
14:43:58.138 -> Humidity: 73 %	Temperature: 18.1 *C
14:43:58.208 -> Loop done
14:48:58.262 -> Humidity: 73 %	Temperature: 18.3 *C
14:48:58.331 -> Loop done
14:53:58.374 -> Humidity: 73 %	Temperature: 18.2 *C
14:53:58.444 -> Loop done
14:58:58.509 -> Humidity: 73 %	Temperature: 18.3 *C
14:58:58.578 -> Loop done
15:03:58.624 -> Humidity: 65 %	Temperature: 16.5 *C
15:03:58.694 -> Loop done
15:08:58.766 -> Humidity: 71 %	Temperature: 18.8 *C
15:08:58.836 -> Loop done
15:13:58.893 -> Humidity: 75 %	Temperature: 19.1 *C
15:13:58.963 -> Loop done

I configured the device to upload to my Azure IoT Hub/Azure IoT Central gateway and after getting the device name configuration right it has been running reliably for a couple of days

Azure IoT Central Temperature and humidity

The device was sitting outside on the deck and rapid increase in temperature is me bringing it inside.

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STM32 Blue Pill LoRaWAN node