Category Archives: Azure Event Grid

Azure IOT Hub and Event Grid Part2

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I did notice that the .DeviceConnected and .DeviceDisconnected events did take a while to arrive. When I started the field gateway application on the Windows 10 IoT Core device I would get several DeviceTelemetry events before the DeviceConnected event arrived.

I was using Advanced Message Queueing Protocol (AMQP) so I modified the configuration file so I could try all the available options.

C# TransportType enumeration

namespace Microsoft.Azure.Devices.Client
{
	//
	// Summary:
	//     Transport types supported by DeviceClient - AMQP/TCP, HTTP 1.1, MQTT/TCP, AMQP/WS,
	//     MQTT/WS
	public enum TransportType
	{
		//
		// Summary:
		//     Advanced Message Queuing Protocol transport. Try Amqp over TCP first and fallback
		//     to Amqp over WebSocket if that fails
		Amqp = 0,
		//
		// Summary:
		//     HyperText Transfer Protocol version 1 transport.
		Http1 = 1,
		//
		// Summary:
		//     Advanced Message Queuing Protocol transport over WebSocket only.
		Amqp_WebSocket_Only = 2,
		//
		// Summary:
		//     Advanced Message Queuing Protocol transport over native TCP only
		Amqp_Tcp_Only = 3,
		//
		// Summary:
		//     Message Queuing Telemetry Transport. Try Mqtt over TCP first and fallback to
		//     Mqtt over WebSocket if that fails
		Mqtt = 4,
		//
		// Summary:
		//     Message Queuing Telemetry Transport over Websocket only.
		Mqtt_WebSocket_Only = 5,
		//
		// Summary:
		//     Message Queuing Telemetry Transport over native TCP only
		Mqtt_Tcp_Only = 6
	}
}

Windows 10 IoT Core LoRa Telemetry Field gateway config.json file

{
   "AzureIoTHubDeviceConnectionString": "HostName=FieldGatewayHub.azure-devices.net;DeviceId=LoRa915MHz;SharedAccessKey=y12345678901234567890123456789012345678/arg=",

   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Amqp": "amqp",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Http1": "Http1",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Amqp_WebSocket_Only": "Amqp_WebSocket_Only",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Amqp_Tcp_Only": "Amqp_Tcp_Only",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Mqtt": "Mqtt",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Mqtt_WebSocket_Only": "Mqtt_WebSocket_Only",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType-Amqp": "Mqtt_Tcp_Only",

   "AzureIoTHubTransportType": "Mqtt_Tcp_Only",
   "SensorIDIsDeviceIDSensorID": false,
   "Address": "LoRaIoT1",
   "Frequency": 915000000.0,
   "PABoost": true
}

So in alphabetical order here are my not terribly scientific results

AMQP

Device ETW

Device Telemetry messages

{
"id":"07e9a772-d86a-963d-139a-9d2ea2a0866c",
"topic":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"eventType":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry","eventTime":"2020-01-25T00:57:18.477Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz","iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T00:57:18.477Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiIxMC4wIiwiUGFja2V0UlNTSSI6LTcxLCJSU1NJIjotMTEwLCJEZXZpY2VBZGRyZXNzQkNEIjoiNEQtNjEtNjQtNzUtNjktNkUtNkYtMzIiLCJhdCI6Ijg0LjAiLCJhaCI6IjUwIiwid3NhIjoiMSIsIndzZyI6IjMiLCJ3ZCI6IjE5My44OCIsInIiOiIwLjAwIn0="},
"dataVersion":"",
"metadataVersion":"1"
}
…
{
"id":"ca8e8531-10da-ec99-aad7-49e68f3f9500","topic":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/712345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"eventType":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"eventTime":"2020-01-25T01:02:23.377Z",
"data":{
"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T01:02:23.377Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjgiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzAsIlJTU0kiOi0xMDgsIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODUuMSIsImFoIjoiNTEiLCJ3c2EiOiIxIiwid3NnIjoiMyIsIndkIjoiMjM5LjI1IiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="},
"dataVersion":"",
"metadataVersion":"1"
}

Device connectivity messages

{
"id":"d8a393ff-6549-69d2-d728-37eee2437693",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T01:01:28.4887191Z","data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA90000000700000000000000000000001E"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

{
"id":"b345d18a-bdf5-3397-35c1-fd5c35046d85",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T01:02:24.9605306Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA90000000700000000000000000000001F"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

The first telemetry data arrived 00:57:18, the DeviceConnected arrived 01:01:28 so approximately a 4 minute delay, the DeviceDisconnected arrived within a minute of me shutting the device down.

Amqp-Tcp-Only

Device Telemetry messages

{
"id":"b8cdbc73-5cb8-134c-a328-beed47be5f27",
"topic":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB","subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"eventType":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"eventTime":"2020-01-25T04:16:48.732Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:16:48.732Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjUiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzIsIlJTU0kiOi0xMDcsIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODYuNSIsImFoIjoiNDUiLCJ3c2EiOiIxIiwid3NnIjoiMiIsIndkIjoiOTkuNzUiLCJyIjoiMC4wMCJ9"},
"dataVersion":"",
"metadataVersion":"1"
}
...
{
"id":"56aaf46d-e1ee-9419-2621-aa97c0564778",
"topic":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"eventType":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"eventTime":"2020-01-25T04:21:53.402Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:21:53.402Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjUiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzEsIlJTU0kiOi0xMDksIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODQuOSIsImFoIjoiNDYiLCJ3c2EiOiIzIiwid3NnIjoiNyIsIndkIjoiMjE3LjUwIiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="},
"dataVersion":"",
"metadataVersion":"1"
}

Device connectivity messages

{
"id":"a157468c-7d65-00b1-73d6-12e43fd1356b",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:20:39.7309538Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000026"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

{
"id":"2e6d7e57-3db3-9e1d-c01b-b0f787b16e05",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:22:33.5276985Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000027"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

The first telemetry data arrived 04:16:48, the DeviceConnected arrived 04:20:39 so approximately a 4 minute delay, the DeviceDisconnected arrived within a minute of me shutting the device down.

Amqp WebSocket Only

Device Telemetry messages

{
"id":"f82943da-425c-f49c-49b0-13ff2609544b",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:05:36.723Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:05:36.723Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjMiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzEsIlJTU0kiOi0xMDksIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODUuMyIsImFoIjoiNDMiLCJ3c2EiOiIyIiwid3NnIjoiMyIsIndkIjoiMjcyLjYzIiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="}
}
...
{
"id":"8419d4f7-3340-8e29-6370-29f95d40e68c",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:11:42.684Z",
"data":{"properties":{},"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:11:42.684Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjgiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzEsIlJTU0kiOi0xMTIsIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODcuMyIsImFoIjoiNDMiLCJ3c2EiOiIxIiwid3NnIjoiMyIsIndkIjoiMjcuMDAiLCJyIjoiMC4wMCJ9"}
}

Device connectivity messages

{
"id":"7f10a3e3-0c2c-2b18-e38c-d5ea498304ab",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:09:52.5786541Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000024"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

{"id":"474a695b-8c4f-e3fe-0b1b-b6bc6b6d4dbe",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:11:53.076926Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000025"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

The first telemetry data arrived 04:05:36, DeviceConnected arrived 04:09:52 so approximately a 4 minute delay, the DeviceDisconnected arrived within a minute of me shutting the device down.

HTTP

I waited for 20 minutes and there wasn’t a DeviceConnected message which I sort of expected as HTTP is a connectionless protocol.

MQTT

Device ETW

Device Telemetry messages

{
"id":"bc26c412-c694-3954-5888-baa118cc9f88",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz","time":"2020-01-25T01:11:33.493Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T01:11:33.493Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjUiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzEsIlJTU0kiOi0xMTEsIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODUuNiIsImFoIjoiNTAiLCJ3c2EiOiIyIiwid3NnIjoiNCIsIndkIjoiMjg1LjAwIiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="}
}
...
{
"id":"de95b90f-ac96-5c76-7a46-00f5a0eef8cf",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T01:12:12.101Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz","iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T01:12:12.101Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiIxMC4wIiwiUGFja2V0UlNTSSI6LTU4LCJSU1NJIjotMTA5LCJEZXZpY2VBZGRyZXNzQkNEIjoiMDEtMjMtMjktMDctMjMtMEMtODgtNjMtRUUiLCJoIjoiMzQiLCJ0IjoiNDEuOCIsInMiOiI0IiwidiI6IjQuMDcifQ=="}
}

Device connectivity messages

{
"id":"f8f5ee54-394d-05e3-784d-87bc648e8267",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T01:11:25.2530139Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000020"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

{
"id":"82d6aa6c-4c71-9623-a4ac-9e562345afad",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T01:12:26.6368519Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000021"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

The first telemetry data arrived 01:11:33, the DeviceConnected arrived 01:11:25 so they arrived in order and within 10 seconds, the DeviceDisconnected arrived within a 15 seconds of me shutting the device down.

Mqtt-TCP-Only

Device ETW

Device Telemetry messages

{
"id":"bb86bfd9-6d12-4a27-2444-bd6953be7ffd",
"topic":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"eventType":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"eventTime":"2020-01-25T04:42:15.345Z",
"data":{"properties":{},"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz","iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}","iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853","iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:42:15.345Z","iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiIxMC44IiwiUGFja2V0UlNTSSI6LTcxLCJSU1NJIjotMTA4LCJEZXZpY2VBZGRyZXNzQkNEIjoiNEQtNjEtNjQtNzUtNjktNkUtNkYtMzIiLCJhdCI6Ijg2LjkiLCJhaCI6IjQ1Iiwid3NhIjoiMSIsIndzZyI6IjMiLCJ3ZCI6IjI5LjYzIiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="},"dataVersion":"","metadataVersion":"1"
}
...
{
"id":"c5991ed8-42f2-437a-9161-a526248c955f",
"topic":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB","subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"eventType":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"eventTime":"2020-01-25T04:44:16.986Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz","iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:44:16.986Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiIxMC4wIiwiUGFja2V0UlNTSSI6LTcxLCJSU1NJIjotMTEyLCJEZXZpY2VBZGRyZXNzQkNEIjoiNEQtNjEtNjQtNzUtNjktNkUtNkYtMzIiLCJhdCI6Ijg4LjIiLCJhaCI6IjQ0Iiwid3NhIjoiMiIsIndzZyI6IjMiLCJ3ZCI6IjYxLjUwIiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="},
"dataVersion":"",
"metadataVersion":"1"}
}

Device connectivity messages

{
"id":"7861f3c1-5f1d-e9a1-c214-19feea2bf1a3","source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:42:06.0123436Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA90000000700000000000000000000002A"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

{
"id":"c2090a7b-c827-73cc-d1e8-7d49fe4a03a1",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:44:48.816748Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA90000000700000000000000000000002B"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

The first telemetry data arrived 04:42:15, the DeviceConnected arrived 04:42:06 so they arrived in order and within 10 seconds, the DeviceDisconnected arrived within a 20 seconds of me shutting device down.

Mqtt-Web-Socket-Only

Device ETW

Device Telemetry messages

{
"id":"3afa1a9c-f30d-d051-077e-cd25cc3b2245",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:36:08.871Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:36:08.871Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjUiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzAsIlJTU0kiOi0xMTIsIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODMuOCIsImFoIjoiNDciLCJ3c2EiOiIwIiwid3NnIjoiMSIsIndkIjoiMzQ3LjI1IiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="}
}
...
{
"id":"fa082b67-db32-312d-e716-1b1d37f57d94",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:37:09.516Z",
"data":{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz","iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-25T04:37:09.516Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiI5LjgiLCJQYWNrZXRSU1NJIjotNzEsIlJTU0kiOi0xMTEsIkRldmljZUFkZHJlc3NCQ0QiOiI0RC02MS02NC03NS02OS02RS02Ri0zMiIsImF0IjoiODQuNCIsImFoIjoiNDciLCJ3c2EiOiIxIiwid3NnIjoiMiIsIndkIjoiMzU4LjUwIiwiciI6IjAuMDAifQ=="}
}

Device connectivity messages

{
"id":"245e4d68-06e6-4d76-1167-39a9a67b01ac",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz","time":"2020-01-25T04:36:03.8275263Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000028"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

{
"id":"9612e8af-84e0-a679-4c7d-28c5e968da3c",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-9012-3456-7890-D12345678901/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-25T04:37:47.5794771Z",
"data":{"deviceConnectionStateEventInfo":{"sequenceNumber":"000000000000000001D5CDC11D3AACA900000007000000000000000000000029"},
"hubName":"FieldGatewayHub",
"deviceId":"LoRa915MHz"}
}

The first telemetry data arrived 04:36:08, the DeviceConnected arrived 04:36:03 so they arrived in order and within 10 seconds, the DeviceDisconnected arrived within a 30 seconds of me shutting device down.

Summary

My LoRa sensors nodes are sending data roughly every minute which reduces the precision of the times.

It looks like for AMQP based messaging it can take 4-5 minutes for a Devices.DeviceConnected message to arrive, for based MQTT messaging it’s 5-10 seconds.

Azure IOT Hub and Event Grid Part1

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I have one an Azure IoT Hub LoRa Telemetry Field Gateway running in my office and I wanted to process the data collected by the sensors around my property without using a Software as a Service(SaaS) Internet of Things (IoT) package.

Rather than lots of screen grabs of my configuration steps I figured people reading this series of posts would be able to figure the details out themselves.

Raspberry PI with M2M LoRa Hat

I created an Azure Resource Group for this project, and created an Azure IoT Hub.

Azure Resource Group with IoT Hub

I then provisioned an Azure IoT Hub device so I could get the connection string for my Windows 10 Azure IoT Hub LoRa Telemetry Field gateway.

LoRa Field Gateway Provisioned in Azure IoT Hub

I downloaded the JSON configuration file template from my Windows 10 device (which is created on first startup after installation) and configured the Azure IoT Hub connection string.

{
   "AzureIoTHubDeviceConnectionString": "HostName=FieldGatewayHub.azure-devices.net;DeviceId=LoRa915MHz;SharedAccessKey=123456789012345678901234567890123456789/arg=",
   "AzureIoTHubTransportType": "amqp",
   "SensorIDIsDeviceIDSensorID": false,
   "Address": "LoRaIoT1",
   "Frequency": 915000000.0,
   "PABoost": true
}

I then uploaded this to my Windows 10 IoT Core device and restarted the Azure IoT Hub Field gateway so it picked up the new settings.

I could then see on the device messages from sensor nodes being unpacked and uploaded to my Azure IoT Hub.

ETW logging on device

In the Azure IoT Hub metrics I graphed the number of devices connected and the number of telemetry messages sent and could see my device connect then start uploading telemetry.

Azure IoT Hub metrics

One of my customers uses Azure Event Grid for application integration and I wanted to explore using it in an IoT solution. The first step was to create an Event Grid Domain.

I then used the Azure IoT Hub Events tab to wire up these events.

  • Microsoft.Devices.DeviceConnected
  • Microsoft.Devices.DeviceDisconnected
  • Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry
Azure IoT Hub Event Metrics

To confirm my event subscriptions were successful I previously found the “simplest” approach was to use an Azure storage queue endpoint. I had to create an Azure Storage Account with two Azure Storage Queues one for device connectivity (.DeviceConnected & .DeviceDisconnected) events and the other for device telemetry (.DeviceTelemetry) events.

I created a couple of other subscriptions so I could compare the different Event schemas (Event Grid Schema & Cloud Event Schema v1.0). At this stage I didn’t configure any Filters or Additional Features.

Azure IoT Hub Telemetry Event Metrics

I use Cerebrate Cerculean for monitoring and managing a couple of other customer projects so I used it to inspect the messages in the storage queues.

Cerebrate Ceculean Storage queue Inspector

The message are quite verbose

{
"id":"b48b6376-b7f4-ee7d-82d9-12345678901a",
"source":"/SUBSCRIPTIONS/12345678-901234789-0123-456789012345/RESOURCEGROUPS/AZUREIOTHUBEVENTGRIDAZUREFUNCTION/PROVIDERS/MICROSOFT.DEVICES/IOTHUBS/FIELDGATEWAYHUB",
"specversion":"1.0",
"type":"Microsoft.Devices.DeviceTelemetry",
"dataschema":"#",
"subject":"devices/LoRa915MHz",
"time":"2020-01-24T04:27:30.842Z","data":
{"properties":{},
"systemProperties":{"iothub-connection-device-id":"LoRa915MHz",
"iothub-connection-auth-method":"{\"scope\":\"device\",\"type\":\"sas\",\"issuer\":\"iothub\",\"acceptingIpFilterRule\":null}",
"iothub-connection-auth-generation-id":"637149227434620853",
"iothub-enqueuedtime":"2020-01-24T04:27:30.842Z",
"iothub-message-source":"Telemetry"},
"body":"eyJQYWNrZXRTTlIiOiIxMC4wIiwiUGFja2V0UlNTSSI6LTY5LCJSU1NJIjotMTA5LCJEZXZpY2VBZGRyZXNzQkNEIjoiNEQtNjEtNjQtNzUtNjktNkUtNkYtMzIiLCJhdCI6Ijc2LjYiLCJhaCI6IjU4Iiwid3NhIjoiMiIsIndzZyI6IjUiLCJ3ZCI6IjMyMi44OCIsInIiOiIwLjAwIn0="
}
}

The message payload is base64 encoded, so I used an online tool to decode it.

{
 PacketSNR":"10.0",
"PacketRSSI":-69,
"RSSI":-109,
"DeviceAddressBCD":"4D-61-64-75-69-6E-6F-32",
"at":"76.6",
"ah":"58",
"wsa":"2",
"wsg":"5",
"wd":"322.88",
"r":"0.00"
}

Without writing any code (I will script the configuration) I could upload sensor data to an Azure IoT Hub, subscribe to a selection of events the Azure IoT Hub publishes and then inspect them in an Azure Storage Queue.

I did notice that the .DeviceConnected and .DeviceDisconnected events did take a while to arrive. When I started the field gateway application on the device I would get several DeviceTelemetry events before the DeviceConnected event arrived.