Random wanderings through Microsoft Azure esp. PaaS plumbing, the IoT bits, AI on Micro controllers, AI on Edge Devices, .NET nanoFramework, .NET Core on *nix and ML.NET+ONNX
When I initially deployed the RAK4200LoRaWANDeviceClient the RAK4200LoRaWAN-NetNF library failed in the OtaaInitialise method. I think this was caused by the “at+set_config=lora:work_mode:0” command rebooting the RAK4200 Module. I have commented out the code but may move it to a standalone method if required.
// Set the Working mode to LoRaWAN, not/never going todo P2P with this library.
#if DIAGNOSTICS
Debug.WriteLine($" {DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} at+set_config=lora:work_mode:0");
#endif
Result result = SendCommand("Initialization OK", "at+set_config=lora:work_mode:0", CommandTimeoutDefault);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
#if DIAGNOSTICS
Debug.WriteLine($" {DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} at+set_config=lora:work_mode:0 failed {result}");
#endif
return result;
}
I think it would be reasonable to assume that the device is in the correct mode (the default after a reset to factory) on startup so I removed the LoRa® network work mode configuration code.
// Set the Working mode to LoRaWAN, not/never going todo P2P with this library.
#if DIAGNOSTICS
Debug.WriteLine($" {DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} AT+NWM=1");
#endif
Result result = SendCommand("Current Work Mode: LoRaWAN.", "AT+NWM=1", CommandTimeoutDefault);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
#if DIAGNOSTICS
Debug.WriteLine($" {DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} AT+NWM=1 failed {result}");
#endif
return result;
}
I think it would be reasonable to assume that the device is in the correct mode (the default after a reset to factory) on startup so I removed the LoRa® network work mode configuration code.
Visual Studio Debug output for RAK3172LoRaWANDeviceClient minimal configuration
public static void Main()
{
Result result;
Debug.WriteLine("devMobile.IoT.RAK3172LoRaWANDeviceClient starting");
try
{
// set GPIO functions for COM2 (this is UART1 on ESP32)
#if ESP32_WROOM
Configuration.SetPinFunction(Gpio.IO17, DeviceFunction.COM2_TX);
Configuration.SetPinFunction(Gpio.IO16, DeviceFunction.COM2_RX);
#endif
Debug.Write("Ports:");
foreach (string port in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
{
Debug.Write($" {port}");
}
Debug.WriteLine("");
using (Rak3172LoRaWanDevice device = new Rak3172LoRaWanDevice())
{
result = device.Initialise(SerialPortId, 115200, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
MessageSendTimer = new Timer(SendMessageTimerCallback, device, Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite);
device.OnJoinCompletion += OnJoinCompletionHandler;
device.OnReceiveMessage += OnReceiveMessageHandler;
#if CONFIRMED
device.OnMessageConfirmation += OnMessageConfirmationHandler;
#endif
#if FACTORY_RESET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} FactoryReset");
result = device.FactoryReset();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"FactoryReset failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if DEVICE_DEVEUI_SET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Device EUI");
result = device.DeviceEui(Config.devEui);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"DeviceEUI set failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if REGION_SET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Region{Band}");
result = device.Band(Band);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Band on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if ADR_SET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} ADR On");
result = device.AdrOn();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"ADR on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if CONFIRMED
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Confirmed");
result = device.UplinkMessageConfirmationOn();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Confirm on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if UNCONFIRMED
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Unconfirmed");
result = device.UplinkMessageConfirmationOff();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Confirm off failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if OTAA
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} OTAA");
result = device.OtaaInitialise(Config.JoinEui, Config.AppKey);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"OTAA Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if ABP
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} ABP");
result = device.AbpInitialise(Config.DevAddress, Config.NwksKey, Config.AppsKey);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"ABP Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join start Timeout:{JoinTimeOut:hh:mm:ss}");
result = device.Join(JoinTimeOut);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Join failed {result}");
return;
}
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join started");
Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
One of the major differences between the RAK4200 and RAK3127 libraries is the way a LoRaWAN network join is handled. The RAK4200 library Join method blocks until it succeeds of fails, the RAK3172 library Join method returns immediately then an EventHandler is called with the result.
#define ST_STM32F769I_DISCOVERY // nanoff --target ST_STM32F769I_DISCOVERY --update
//#define ESP32_WROOM //nanoff --target ESP32_REV0 --serialport COM17 --update
namespace devMobile.IoT.LoRaWAN.nanoFramework.RAK3172
{
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Threading;
#if ESP32_WROOM
using global::nanoFramework.Hardware.Esp32; //need NuGet nanoFramework.Hardware.Esp32
#endif
public class Program
{
#if ESP32_WROOM
private const string SerialPortId = "COM2";
#endif
#if ST_STM32F769I_DISCOVERY
private const string SerialPortId = "COM6";
#endif
private const string DevEui = "...";
private const string AppEui = "...";
private const string AppKey = "...";
private const byte MessagePort = 1;
private const string Payload = "A0EEE456D02AFF4AB8BAFD58101D2A2A"; // Hello LoRaWAN
public static void Main()
{
Debug.WriteLine("devMobile.IoT.LoRaWAN.nanoFramework.RAK3172 NetworkJoinOTAA starting");
try
{
// set GPIO functions for COM2 (this is UART1 on ESP32)
#if ESP32_WROOM
Configuration.SetPinFunction(Gpio.IO17, DeviceFunction.COM2_TX);
Configuration.SetPinFunction(Gpio.IO16, DeviceFunction.COM2_RX);
#endif
Debug.Write("Ports:");
foreach (string port in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
{
Debug.Write($" {port}");
}
Debug.WriteLine("");
using (SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort(SerialPortId))
{
// set parameters
serialPort.BaudRate = 115200;
serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
serialPort.DataBits = 8;
serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
serialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;
serialPort.NewLine = "\r\n";
serialPort.ReadTimeout = 1000;
serialPort.DataReceived += SerialDevice_DataReceived;
serialPort.Open();
serialPort.WatchChar = '\n';
serialPort.ReadExisting(); // Running at 115K2 this was necessary
// Set the devEUI
Console.WriteLine("Set Dev Eui");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+DEVEUI={DevEui}");
// Set the Working mode to LoRaWAN
Console.WriteLine("Set Work mode");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+NWM=1");
// Set the Region to AS923
Console.WriteLine("Set Region");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+BAND=8");
// Set the JoinMode
Console.WriteLine("Set Join mode");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+NJM=1");
// Set the appEUI
Console.WriteLine("Set App Eui");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+APPEUI={AppEui}");
// Set the appKey
Console.WriteLine("Set App Key");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+APPKEY={AppKey}");
// Set the Confirm flag
Console.WriteLine("Set Confirm off");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+CFM=0");
// Join the network
Console.WriteLine("Start Join");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+JOIN=1:0:10:2");
// Wait for the +EVT:JOINED
while (true)
{
Console.WriteLine("Sending");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+SEND={MessagePort}:{Payload}");
Thread.Sleep(300000);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
private static void SerialDevice_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort)sender;
switch (e.EventType)
{
case SerialData.Chars:
break;
case SerialData.WatchChar:
string response = serialPort.ReadExisting();
Debug.Write(response);
break;
default:
Debug.Assert(false, $"e.EventType {e.EventType} unknown");
break;
}
}
}
}
Visual Studio Debug Output displaying Configuration-Join-Send
Things Network(TTN) Live Data tab display successful join then D2C message
The NetworkJoinOTAA application assumes that all of the AT commands succeed. I usually step though the application in the debugger so I can monitor progress.
I then ran the RAK4200LoRaWANDeviceClient with DEVICE_DEVEUI_SET (devEui from label on the device), OTAA to configure the AppEui and AppKey and the device connected to The Things Network on the second attempt (typo in the DevEui).
public static void Main()
{
Result result;
Debug.WriteLine("devMobile.IoT.RAK4200LoRaWANDeviceClient starting");
try
{
// set GPIO functions for COM2 (this is UART1 on ESP32)
#if ESP32_WROOM
Configuration.SetPinFunction(Gpio.IO16, DeviceFunction.COM2_TX);
Configuration.SetPinFunction(Gpio.IO17, DeviceFunction.COM2_RX);
#endif
Debug.Write("Ports:");
foreach (string port in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
{
Debug.Write($" {port}");
}
Debug.WriteLine("");
using (Rak4200LoRaWanDevice device = new Rak4200LoRaWanDevice())
{
result = device.Initialise(SerialPortId, 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#if CONFIRMED
device.OnMessageConfirmation += OnMessageConfirmationHandler;
#endif
device.OnReceiveMessage += OnReceiveMessageHandler;
#if FACTORY_RESET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} FactoryReset");
result = device.FactoryReset();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"FactoryReset failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if DEVICE_DEVEUI_SET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Device EUI");
result = device.DeviceEui(Config.devEui);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"ADR on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if REGION_SET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Region{Region}");
result = device.Region(Region);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Region on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if ADR_SET
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} ADR On");
result = device.AdrOn();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"ADR on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if CONFIRMED
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Confirmed");
result = device.UplinkMessageConfirmationOn();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Confirm on failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if UNCONFIRMED
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Unconfirmed");
result = device.UplinkMessageConfirmationOff();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Confirm off failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if OTAA
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} OTAA");
result = device.OtaaInitialise(Config.JoinEui, Config.AppKey);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"OTAA Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if ABP
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} ABP");
result = device.AbpInitialise(Config.DevAddress, Config.NwksKey, Config.AppsKey);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"ABP Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join start Timeout:{JoinTimeOut:hh:mm:ss}");
result = device.Join(JoinTimeOut);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Join failed {result}");
return;
}
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join finish");
while (true)
{
#if PAYLOAD_BCD
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Send Timeout:{SendTimeout:hh:mm:ss} port:{MessagePort} payload BCD:{PayloadBcd}");
result = device.Send(MessagePort, PayloadBcd, SendTimeout);
#endif
#if PAYLOAD_BYTES
Debug.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Send Timeout:{SendTimeout:hh:mm:ss} port:{MessagePort} payload Bytes:{BitConverter.ToString(PayloadBytes)}");
result = device.Send(MessagePort, PayloadBytes, SendTimeout);
#endif
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Debug.WriteLine($"Send failed {result}");
}
Thread.Sleep(new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0));
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
Visual Studio Debug output for RAK4200LoRaWANDeviceClient minimal configuration connection
The Things Network “Live Data” for RAK4200LoRaWANDeviceClient minimal configuration connection
One of my client’s products has a configuration mode (button pressed as device starts) which enables a serial port (headers on board + FTDI module) for in field configuration of the onboard RAK4200 module.
I modified the NetworkJoinOTAA sample(based on the asynchronous version of BreakOutSerial) to send the same sequence of AT commands and display the responses.
namespace devMobile.IoT.LoRaWAN.nanoFramework.RAK4200
{
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Threading;
public class Program
{
private const string SerialPortId = "COM6";
private const string DevEui = "...";
private const string AppEui = "...";
private const string AppKey = "...";
private const byte MessagePort = 1;
private const string Payload = "48656c6c6f204c6f526157414e"; // Hello LoRaWAN
public static void Main()
{
string response;
Debug.WriteLine("devMobile.IoT.Rak4200.NetworkJoinOTAA starting");
Debug.Write("Ports:");
foreach (string port in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
{
Debug.Write($" {port}");
}
Debug.WriteLine("");
try
{
using (SerialPort serialDevice = new SerialPort(SerialPortId))
{
// set parameters
serialDevice.BaudRate = 9600;
//_SerialPort.BaudRate = 115200;
serialDevice.Parity = Parity.None;
serialDevice.StopBits = StopBits.One;
serialDevice.Handshake = Handshake.None;
serialDevice.DataBits = 8;
serialDevice.ReadTimeout = 10000;
serialDevice.NewLine = "\r\n";
serialDevice.DataReceived += SerialDevice_DataReceived;
serialDevice.Open();
serialDevice.WatchChar = '\n';
// clear out the RX buffer
serialDevice.ReadExisting();
response = serialDevice.ReadExisting();
Debug.WriteLine($"Response :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the Working mode to LoRaWAN
Console.WriteLine("lora:work_mode:0");
serialDevice.WriteLine("at+set_config=lora:work_mode:0");
// Set the JoinMode
Console.WriteLine("lora:join_mode");
serialDevice.WriteLine("at+set_config=lora:join_mode:0");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the Class
Console.WriteLine("lora:class");
serialDevice.WriteLine("at+set_config=lora:class:0");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the Region to AS923
Console.WriteLine("lora:region:AS923");
serialDevice.WriteLine("at+set_config=lora:region:AS923");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the devEUI
Console.WriteLine("lora:dev_eui:{DevEui}");
serialDevice.WriteLine($"at+set_config=lora:dev_eui:{DevEui}");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the appEUI
Console.WriteLine("lora:app_eui:{AppEui}");
serialDevice.WriteLine($"at+set_config=lora:app_eui:{AppEui}");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the appKey
Console.WriteLine("lora:app_key:{AppKey}");
serialDevice.WriteLine($"at+set_config=lora:app_key:{AppKey}");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the Confirm flag
Console.WriteLine("lora:confirm:0");
serialDevice.WriteLine("at+set_config=lora:confirm:0");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Reset the device
Console.WriteLine("device:restart");
serialDevice.WriteLine($"at+set_config=device:restart");
Thread.Sleep(10000);
// Join the network
Console.WriteLine("at+join");
serialDevice.WriteLine("at+join");
Thread.Sleep(10000);
while (true)
{
// Send the BCD messages
Console.WriteLine("lora:{MessagePort}:{Payload}");
serialDevice.WriteLine($"at+send=lora:{MessagePort}:{Payload}");
Thread.Sleep(20000);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
private static void SerialDevice_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort)sender;
string response;
switch (e.EventType)
{
case SerialData.Chars:
break;
case SerialData.WatchChar:
response = serialPort.ReadExisting();
Debug.Write(response);
break;
default:
Debug.Assert(false, $"e.EventType {e.EventType} unknown");
break;
}
}
}
}
The NetworkJoinOTAA application assumes that all of the AT commands succeed
Visual Studio Output windows displaying connection process and a D2C message
TTN Console live data tab connection process
TTN Console live messaging tab C2D message
I need to find a way to set the RAK4200 back to factory settings so I can figure out what settings are persisted by the “at+set_config=device:restart” and which ones need to be set every time the application is run.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (c) September 2021, devMobile Software
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
// Must have one of following options defined in the project\build definitions
// PAYLOAD_BCD or PAYLOAD_BYTES
// OTAA or ABP
//
// Optional definitions
// CONFIRMED For confirmed messages
// DEVEUI_SET
//
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace devMobile.IoT.LoRaWAN.NetCore.RAK3172
{
using System;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Threading;
public class Program
{
private const string SerialPortId = "/dev/ttyS0";
private const LoRaClass Class = LoRaClass.A;
private const string Band = "8-1";
private const byte MessagePort = 10;
private static readonly TimeSpan MessageSendTimerDue = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 15);
private static readonly TimeSpan MessageSendTimerPeriod = new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0);
private static Timer MessageSendTimer ;
private const int JoinRetryAttempts = 2;
private const int JoinRetryIntervalSeconds = 10;
#if PAYLOAD_BCD
private const string PayloadBcd = "48656c6c6f204c6f526157414e"; // Hello LoRaWAN in BCD
#endif
#if PAYLOAD_BYTES
private static readonly byte[] PayloadBytes = { 0x48, 0x65 , 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x20, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x52, 0x61, 0x57, 0x41, 0x4e}; // Hello LoRaWAN in bytes
#endif
public static void Main()
{
Result result;
Console.WriteLine("devMobile.IoT.LoRaWAN.NetCore.RAK3172 RAK3712LoRaWANDeviceClient starting");
Console.WriteLine($"Serial ports:{String.Join(",", SerialPort.GetPortNames())}");
try
{
using (Rak3172LoRaWanDevice device = new Rak3172LoRaWanDevice())
{
result = device.Initialise(SerialPortId, 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
MessageSendTimer = new Timer(SendMessageTimerCallback, device,Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite);
device.OnJoinCompletion += OnJoinCompletionHandler;
device.OnReceiveMessage += OnReceiveMessageHandler;
#if CONFIRMED
device.OnMessageConfirmation += OnMessageConfirmationHandler;
#endif
#if DEVEUI_SET
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} DevEUI {Config.devEui}");
result = device.DeviceEui(Config.devEui);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"DevEUI failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Class {Class}");
result = device.Class(Class);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Class failed {result}");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Band {Band}");
result = device.Band(Band);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Region failed {result}");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} ADR On");
result = device.AdrOn();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"ADR on failed {result}");
return;
}
#if CONFIRMED
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Confirmed");
result = device.UplinkMessageConfirmationOn();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Confirm on failed {result}");
return;
}
#else
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Unconfirmed");
result = device.UplinkMessageConfirmationOff();
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Confirm off failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if OTAA
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} OTAA");
result = device.OtaaInitialise(Config.JoinEui, Config.AppKey);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"OTAA Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
#if ABP
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} ABP");
result = device.AbpInitialise(Config.DevAddress, Config.NwksKey, Config.AppsKey);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"ABP Initialise failed {result}");
return;
}
#endif
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join start");
result = device.Join(JoinRetryAttempts, JoinRetryIntervalSeconds);
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Join failed {result}");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join started");
Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
private static void OnJoinCompletionHandler(bool result)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Join finished:{result}");
if (result)
{
MessageSendTimer.Change(MessageSendTimerDue, MessageSendTimerPeriod);
}
}
private static void SendMessageTimerCallback(object state)
{
Rak3172LoRaWanDevice device = (Rak3172LoRaWanDevice)state;
#if PAYLOAD_BCD
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} port:{MessagePort} payload BCD:{PayloadBcd}");
Result result = device.Send(MessagePort, PayloadBcd );
#endif
#if PAYLOAD_BYTES
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} port:{MessagePort} payload bytes:{Rak3172LoRaWanDevice.BytesToBcd(PayloadBytes)}");
Result result = device.Send(MessagePort, PayloadBytes);
#endif
if (result != Result.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Send failed {result}");
}
}
#if CONFIRMED
private static void OnMessageConfirmationHandler()
{
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Send successful");
}
#endif
private static void OnReceiveMessageHandler(byte port, int rssi, int snr, string payload)
{
byte[] payloadBytes = Rak3172LoRaWanDevice.HexToByes(payload); // Done this way so both conversion methods tested
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.UtcNow:hh:mm:ss} Receive Message RSSI:{rssi} SNR:{snr} Port:{port} Payload:{payload} PayLoadBytes:{BitConverter.ToString(payloadBytes)}");
}
}
}
I have added XML Documentation comments which will need some rework, after I have “soak tested” the code for at least a week.
I have also added a method so the DevEUI can be set (intended for use after device firmware has been updated), fixed up my mistake with Binary Coded Decimal(BCD) vs. Hexadecimal strings.
I will also go back and apply the “learnings” from this refactoring to my other LoRaWAN module and platform libraries
Raspberry Pi3 with Grove Base Hat and RAK3172 Breakout (using UART2)
My Over the Air Activation (OTAA) implementation is very “nasty” I have assumed that there would be no timeouts or failures and I only send one BCD message “48656c6c6f204c6f526157414e” which is “hello LoRaWAN”.
The code just sequentially steps through the necessary configuration to join the TTN network with a suitable delay after each command is sent.
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// Copyright (c) September 2021, devMobile Software
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namespace devMobile.IoT.NetCore.RAK3172.NetworkJoinOTAA
{
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Threading;
public class Program
{
private const string SerialPortId = "/dev/ttyS0";
private const string AppEui = "...";
private const string AppKey = "...";
private const byte MessagePort = 1;
private const string Payload = "A0EEE456D02AFF4AB8BAFD58101D2A2A"; // Hello LoRaWAN
public static void Main()
{
string response;
Debug.WriteLine("devMobile.IoT.NetCore.Rak3172.NetworkJoinOTAA starting");
Debug.WriteLine(String.Join(",", SerialPort.GetPortNames()));
try
{
using (SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort(SerialPortId))
{
// set parameters
serialPort.BaudRate = 9600;
serialPort.DataBits = 8;
serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
serialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;
serialPort.ReadTimeout = 5000;
serialPort.NewLine = "\r\n";
serialPort.Open();
// clear out the RX buffer
response = serialPort.ReadExisting();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
Thread.Sleep(500);
// Set the Working mode to LoRaWAN
Console.WriteLine("Set Work mode");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+NWM=1");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the response
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
// Set the Region to AS923
Console.WriteLine("Set Region");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+BAND=8-1");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the response
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
// Set the JoinMode
Console.WriteLine("Set Join mode");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+NJM=1");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the response
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
// Set the appEUI
Console.WriteLine("Set App Eui");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+APPEUI={AppEui}");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the response
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
// Set the appKey
Console.WriteLine("Set App Key");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+APPKEY={AppKey}");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the response
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
// Set the Confirm flag
Console.WriteLine("Set Confirm off");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+CFM=0");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the response
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
// Join the network
Console.WriteLine("Start Join");
serialPort.WriteLine("AT+JOIN=1:0:10:2");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the Result
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
Thread.Sleep(10000);
// Read the +EVT:JOINED
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
while (true)
{
Console.WriteLine("Sending");
serialPort.WriteLine($"AT+SEND={MessagePort}:{Payload}");
// Read the blank line
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
// Read the result
Console.WriteLine("Send result");
response = serialPort.ReadLine();
Debug.WriteLine($"RX :{response.Trim()} bytes:{response.Length}");
Thread.Sleep(300000);
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
}
}
The code is not suitable for production but it confirmed my software and hardware configuration worked.
In the Visual Studio 2019 debug output I could see messages getting sent and then after a short delay they were visible in the TTN console.
The RAK3172 command format is quite different from other modules I have used e.g. Requesting the firmware version information
TX- AT+VER=?
RX- Blank Line
RX- V1.0.2
RX- OK
Requesting the APPEUI
TX- AT+APPEUI=?
RX- 1122334455667788
RX- Blank line
RX- OK
I think the RAK3172 module ships with a default DEVEUI so in this code and my library I have assumed it will be configured as part of a “provisioning” process.